The first statement (‘If the output includes ->, it means the file is a symbolic link’) refers to the output of the ls -l command (as shown in the screenshot), while the second one is about the “which” command, that doesn’t distinguish between binary and symbolic links. Notably, the “which -a” command lists all matching executables found in the PATH (but it does not specifically indicate whether a file is a symbolic link). So, we use ls -l command for verification.